Cookies on this website

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click 'Accept all cookies' we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you won't see this message again. If you click 'Reject all non-essential cookies' only necessary cookies providing core functionality such as security, network management, and accessibility will be enabled. Click 'Find out more' for information on how to change your cookie settings.

Objective: Previous studies have demonstrated benefits of high-dose long-chain ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC ω-3 PUFA) supplements on metabolic risk. Effects of increased dietary ω-3 PUFA, via oily fish and/or plant-derived ω-3 PUFAs, are less clear and may be modulated by the ω-6:ω-3 PUFA of the habitual diet. This study examined the effect on cardiovascular disease risk markers of reducing dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA by changes in linoleic acid:α-linolenic acid (LA:LNA) and/or increasing LC ω-3 PUFA. It tested whether decreases in LA:LNA modulate effects of LC ω-3 PUFA. Methods: One hundred forty-two subjects, recruited to a 24-wk randomized study, were assigned to a control group or one of four interventions. Intervention groups received two portions of oily fish (4.5 g eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexanoic acid) or white fish (0.7 g eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexanoic acid) per week, and replaced habitual household fats with ones high in sunflower (high LA:LNA) or rapeseed (low LA:LNA) oil. Results: Modest dietary manipulations of ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs resulted in significant group × time interactions for serum triacylglycerols (TAGs; P = 0.05); at 24 wk the control and two oily fish groups showed lower TAG than did the white fish/sunflower group (P = 0.05). Reductions in TAG, associated with increased oily fish intakes, were maximized when combined with lower dietary LA:LNA. There were no significant changes in several other cardiovascular disease risk markers. Conclusions: Two portions of oily fish per week led to significant reductions in TAG relative to consumption of two portions of white fish per week. Changes in TAG were maximized when combined with lower LA:LNA. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.nut.2006.07.005

Type

Journal article

Journal

Nutrition

Publication Date

01/10/2006

Volume

22

Pages

1012 - 1024