Interim 2024/25 influenza vaccine effectiveness: eight European studies, September 2024 to January 2025
Rose AMC., Lucaccioni H., Marsh K., Kirsebom F., Whitaker H., Emborg HD., Botnen AB., O’Doherty MG., Pozo F., Hameed SS., Andrews N., Hamilton M., Trebbien R., Møller KL., Marques DFP., Murphy S., McQueenie R., Lopez-Bernal J., Cottrell S., Bucholc M., Kissling E., Parys A., Witdouck A., Delaere B., Lissoir B., Quoidbach C., Sion C., Brugerolles C., De Geyter D., Lievens D., Bernaert E., Van Honacker E., Petit E., Genderini F., Dufrasne F., Leroux-Roels I., Flore K., Renard K., Magerman K., De Mot L., Seyler L., Bourgeois M., Bleyen M., Parsy MP., Reynders M., Blommen M., Vandromme M., Delvallee M., Detillieu N., Bossuyt N., Dauby N., De Waegemaeker P., Struyven P., Naesens R., Koenig S., Denayer S., Fierens S., Daelemans S., Van Den Wijngaert S., Ternest S., Buylla S., Hanotaux S., Penders V., Holemans X., Dockx Y., Lafort Y., Makarić ZL., Petrović G., Filipović SK., Kaić B., Vučina VV., Mlinarić I., Tabain I., Karabuva S., Petrić PT., Čivljak R., Lizatović IK., Grgić B., Dvorski E., Bubnjar N., Breški M., Novosel IP., Nielsen J., Sève N., Guerrisi C., Blanchon T., Launay T., Falchi A., Masse S., Renard L., Chazelle M., van der Werf S., Enouf V., Lina B., Valette M., Nardone A., Kaczmarek M., Nicolay N., Bacci S., Duerrwald R.
The 2024/25 influenza season in Europe is currently characterised by co-circulation of influenza A(H1N1) pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses, with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 predominating. Interim vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates from eight European studies (17 countries) indicate an all-age influenza A VE of 32–53% in primary care and 33–56% in hospital settings, with some signals of lower VE by subtype and higher VE against influenza B (≥ 58% across settings). Where feasible, influenza vaccination should be encouraged and other prevention measures strengthened.